{"id":6790,"date":"2020-09-10T15:21:15","date_gmt":"2020-09-10T12:21:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ortaakarsu.net\/?p=6790"},"modified":"2025-04-20T17:17:42","modified_gmt":"2025-04-20T14:17:42","slug":"potasyum-permanganat-kmno4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ortaakarsu.net\/?p=6790","title":{"rendered":"Potasyum Permanganat (KMnO4)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Potasyumun Permanganat Nedir? <\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Potasyum permanganat <\/strong>\u00e7ok kuvvetli bir y\u00fckseltgendir. Bir anorganik kompleks olan potasyumun permanganat \u00f6zellikle organik reaksiyonlarda y\u00fckseltgen olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Koyu mor, <strong>menek\u015fe rengi<\/strong>ndedir. Olduk\u00e7a karakteristik bir rengi olan <strong>KMnO4<\/strong> suda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcl\u00fcr. Kuvvetli y\u00fckseltgen olu\u015fu onu ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00e7ok etkili bir temizlik maddesi yapar. Vir\u00fcsler ve bakteriler gibi zararl\u0131 organizmalar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f \u00e7eperleri veya h\u00fccresel b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bu derecede kuvvetli bir y\u00fckseltgen etkisinde sa\u011flam kalamaz. Ancak bu ama\u00e7la kullan\u0131m\u0131 \u00e7ok da yayg\u0131n de\u011fildir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc <strong>potasyumun permanganat son derece zehirlidir<\/strong>. Bu derecede zehirli olan bir madde insanlar ile temas etmemelidir. Bundan dolay\u0131 kullan\u0131lsa bile d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck deri\u015fimlerde \u00e7\u00f6zeltileri kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ortaakarsu.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/yukseltgen.png\" alt=\"Potasyum permanganat (KMnO4) kuvvetli bir y\u00fckseltgendir.\" class=\"wp-image-6794\" width=\"451\" height=\"559\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ortaakarsu.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/yukseltgen-242x300.png 242w, https:\/\/www.ortaakarsu.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/yukseltgen.png 305w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 451px) 100vw, 451px\" \/><figcaption>Potasyum permanganat bir y\u00fckseltgendir. Tepkimelerin karboksilik asite kadar y\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. <\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">KMnO4 organik sentez yapan sanayi \u015firketlerinde s\u0131kl\u0131kla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan bir maddedir. Bunun ba\u015fl\u0131ca nedeni de<strong> karboksilik asit mertebesine kadar h\u0131zla y\u00fckseltgeme yapmas\u0131d\u0131r<\/strong>. MnO2 veya PCC gibi maddeler ise alkolleri aldehite kadar y\u00fckseltgeyebilmektedir. Alkolun \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f bile\u015fi\u011fi olarak kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 tepkimelerde son bile\u015fi\u011fin karboksilik asit istenmesi <strong>potasyumun permanganat<\/strong> gibi bir g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc y\u00fckseltgen gereklili\u011fine neden olur. Bu konuda kullan\u0131labilecek ba\u015fka kimyasallarda bulunmaktad\u0131r. Ancak KMnO4&#8217;\u00fcn kullan\u0131m\u0131 olduk\u00e7a yayg\u0131nd\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kumlu Akiferde KMnO4 ile PCE-DNAPL&#8217;nin Yerinde Oksidasyonundan Kaynaklanan Jeokimyasal Reaksiyonlar adl\u0131 bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada (bu makale i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/es001207v\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/es001207v<\/a>) farkl\u0131 bir bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Potasyum Permanganat Kimyasal Yap\u0131s\u0131<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kimyasal yap\u0131 ile ilgili olarak a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki g\u00f6rsel KMnO4&#8217;\u00fcn molek\u00fcl yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi mangan ve oksije  atomlar\u0131 birbirine kovalent ba\u011flar ile ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Potasyumun ise eksi y\u00fckl\u00fc oksijene kar\u015f\u0131 art\u0131 y\u00fckl\u00fc olarak bulunur ve bu durum molek\u00fcl\u00fc kararl\u0131 k\u0131lar. Molek\u00fcl k\u00fctlesi 158,03 g\/mol&#8217;d\u0131r. Kokusuzdur. Erime noktas\u0131 240 santigrat derecedir. Kuvvetli oksitleyici s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Potasyum Permanganat(KMnO4) \u0130yonik mi?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Potasyum permanganat, yani KMnO4 iyonik bir bile\u015fiktir<\/strong>. Yani suda iyonlar\u0131na ayr\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Bu bile\u015fi\u011fi suda \u00e7\u00f6zd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fczde potasyum, yani K(+1) iyonu ve MnO4(-1) iyonu elde edersiniz. Yani haz\u0131rlayaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bu iyonlar\u0131 i\u00e7erecektir. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u015fekilde bile\u015fi\u011fin nas\u0131l bir arada bulundu\u011funu da ayr\u0131ca g\u00f6rebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"250\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ortaakarsu.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/22810.png\" alt=\"Potasyum permanganat molek\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fcn yap\u0131s\u0131\" class=\"wp-image-6795\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ortaakarsu.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/22810-90x90.png 90w, https:\/\/www.ortaakarsu.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/22810-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.ortaakarsu.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/22810-200x200.png 200w, https:\/\/www.ortaakarsu.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/22810.png 250w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 250px) 100vw, 250px\" \/><figcaption>Molek\u00fcl\u00fcn Yap\u0131s\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Potasyum permanganat inorganik bir kimyasald\u0131r. \u0130norganik kimyasallar\u0131n \u00f6zellikleri ve tepkime mekanizmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ortaakarsu.net\/?p=6513\">Tepkime ve \u0130norganik Mekanizmalar<\/a> yaz\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 okuyabilirsiniz. Ayr\u0131ca kategori sayfas\u0131ndaki di\u011fer yaz\u0131larda inorganik kimyay\u0131 anlamak i\u00e7in faydal\u0131 olacakt\u0131r. Bu kadar kuvvetli y\u00fckseltgen yap\u0131lar enzimlerin ve metabolizmadaki di\u011fer protein yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n etkinli\u011fi \u00fczerinde \u00f6nemli deforme edici etkiler yapmaktad\u0131r. Enzimler ve protein yap\u0131lar hakk\u0131nda daha fazla bilgi almak <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ortaakarsu.net\/?p=6392\">Enzimler ve Genel \u00d6zellikleri<\/a> adl\u0131 yaz\u0131y\u0131 okuyabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Potasyum permanganat i\u00e7in \u015fekilde g\u00f6r\u00fclen molek\u00fcl yap\u0131s\u0131ndaki oksijen atomlar\u0131ndan eksi y\u00fckl\u00fc olanlar ba\u011f yapma kapasitesi y\u00fcksek ve ba\u011f yapmaya istekli bir atomdur. Ancak potasyum art\u0131 y\u00fckl\u00fc olarak molek\u00fcl\u00fcn y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc n\u00f6trler ve y\u00fck dengesini sa\u011flar. Suda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnme oldu\u011fundaysa iyonik hale ge\u00e7er. Metallerin ba\u011f yapmalar\u0131 ile ilgili ila\u00e7 tasar\u0131m\u0131nda bir \u00f6rnek HIV integraz inhibit\u00f6r\u00fc olan Raltagravir&#8217;in magnezyum atomlar\u0131na ba\u011flanmas\u0131d\u0131r. Metallerin organik molek\u00fcllerle olan ili\u015fkisine iyi bir \u00f6rnek, i\u00e7erisindeki magnezyum atomlar\u0131 ile koordinasyon yapan <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ortaakarsu.net\/?p=6606\">Raltegravir \u2013 \u0130ntegraz \u0130nhibit\u00f6rlerinin \u0130lki<\/a> adl\u0131 yaz\u0131da bahsedilen enzimdir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Potasyum Permanganat(KMnO4) \u00d6zellikleri<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Oda \u015farltlar\u0131nda <strong>kat\u0131 halde<\/strong> bulunur.<\/li><li>Kendine has koyu <strong>mor bir rengi<\/strong> vard\u0131r<\/li><li><strong>Erime Noktas\u0131 240&nbsp;\u00b0C<\/strong> dir.<\/li><li><strong>Kuvvetli y\u00fckseltgendir<\/strong>.<\/li><li><strong>\u00c7ok zehirlidir<\/strong>.<\/li><li>Anti-mikrobiyal \u00f6zelli\u011fi vard\u0131r(ancak <strong>zehirli<\/strong> oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in bu \u00f6zelli\u011fi fizyolojik olarak genelde kullan\u0131lmaz.)<\/li><li>Kokusuzdur.<\/li><li>Sanayide kullan\u0131m alan\u0131 geni\u015ftir.<\/li><li><strong>Bir metal kompleksidir<\/strong>.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Yeni Kullan\u0131m Alanlar\u0131<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Potasyum permanganat geli\u015fen teknoloji ve bilimsel ara\u015ft\u0131rma y\u00f6ntemleri ile pek \u00e7ok alanda kullan\u0131m alan\u0131 bulmaktad\u0131r. G\u00fcne\u015f pilleri bunlardan biridir. \u0130lgili yaz\u0131ya ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsaem.8b02219\">Dual Functional Doping of KMnO<sub>4<\/sub>&nbsp;in Spiro-OMeTAD for Highly Effective Planar Perovskite Solar Cells<\/a> t\u0131klay\u0131n\u0131z. Bu yeni bir geli\u015fmedir ve \u015fuan sanayide uygulamas\u0131 bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Bunun yan\u0131nda verimlilik ile ilgili daha \u00e7ok bilimsel ara\u015ft\u0131rma yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ve bilgi edinildi\u011finde end\u00fcstriyel kullan\u0131m\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1880\" height=\"1058\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ortaakarsu.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/solar-panel-array-power-sun-electricity-159397.jpeg\" alt=\"g\u00fcne\u015f panelleri potasyum permanganat\" class=\"wp-image-6796\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ortaakarsu.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/solar-panel-array-power-sun-electricity-159397-300x169.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.ortaakarsu.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/solar-panel-array-power-sun-electricity-159397-500x281.jpeg 500w, https:\/\/www.ortaakarsu.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/solar-panel-array-power-sun-electricity-159397-550x310.jpeg 550w, https:\/\/www.ortaakarsu.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/solar-panel-array-power-sun-electricity-159397-700x394.jpeg 700w, https:\/\/www.ortaakarsu.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/solar-panel-array-power-sun-electricity-159397-768x432.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/www.ortaakarsu.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/solar-panel-array-power-sun-electricity-159397-1024x576.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/www.ortaakarsu.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/solar-panel-array-power-sun-electricity-159397-1536x864.jpeg 1536w, https:\/\/www.ortaakarsu.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/solar-panel-array-power-sun-electricity-159397.jpeg 1880w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1880px) 100vw, 1880px\" \/><figcaption>Gne\u015fG\u00fcne\u015f paneli g\u00f6rselleri. Bu g\u00f6rsel \u00f6rnek vermek amac\u0131 ile koyulmu\u015ftur. KMnO4 ile ili\u015fkisi yoktur<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">KMnO4 Oksidasyonu ile Birle\u015ftirilmi\u015f Siklodekstrin Polimerinin Molek\u00fcle \u00d6zg\u00fc Bo\u015flu\u011fu Kullan\u0131larak Sulu Mikro Kirleticilerin Geri D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclebilmesi, Yakalama ve \u0130mhas\u0131 adl\u0131 ba\u015fka bir yaz\u0131da potasyum permanganat i\u00e7in ba\u015fka bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve kullan\u0131m alan\u0131 hakk\u0131nda ayr\u0131n\u0131l\u0131 bilgiler bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bu makaleye eri\u015fmek ve ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bilgi almak i\u00e7in <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.est.5b01734\">American Chemical Society<\/a><\/strong> dergisinde yer alan makaleyi inceleyebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ortaakarsu.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/es-2015-01734p_0004.gif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6797\" width=\"618\" height=\"405\"\/><figcaption>Kaynak: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.est.5b01734\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.est.5b01734<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">KMnO4 i\u015fleminin gran\u00fcler aktif karbonun do\u011fal organik maddenin uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00fczerindeki etkisi bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bununla ilgili akademik bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma i\u00e7in DOI:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/deref\/http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.5004%2Fdwt.2017.20570?_sg%5B0%5D=iRX3zCn92Pd0nesWf4wYRZlaZbQFcfVbKHBbuz81EG6rP3yDlaZmjCJwSqBIgtEe5FekqDaWJ8Fi799e-68ryV73Nw.Mad7MpsF62GUQ_zHYSvf37ak-MBhyZQlJF6tM1WwfxI_CfIvd957f2vJhNaOVAQRfN4c-oxb0V4WOpQxJwQJig\">10.5004\/dwt.2017.20570<\/a> linkini kullanabilirsiniz. <strong>Potasyum Permanganat<\/strong> kuvvetli bir y\u00fckseltgen, iyi bir temizleyici olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen (tekrar s\u00f6ylemek de fayda var) \u00e7ok zehirli bir kimyasald\u0131r. <strong>Hem kat\u0131 halde hem de \u00e7\u00f6zelti halinde zehirlidir<\/strong>. Bu y\u00fczden profesyonel bir kullan\u0131c\u0131 de\u011filseniz uzak durman\u0131z gereken bir maddedir. Yani profesyonel, end\u00fcstriyel ve laboratuvar kullan\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in bir kimyasald\u0131r. Yang\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirme etkisi olabilmektedir.  <strong>KMnO4<\/strong> haricinde di\u011fer yaz\u0131lar i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ortaakarsu.net\/?p=7124\">Favipiravir Nedir? Favipiravir Yan Etkileri Nelerdir?<\/a> ve <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ortaakarsu.net\/?p=6628\">Favicovir Yan Etkileri ve Favicovir Kullananlar<\/a> adl\u0131 yaz\u0131lar\u0131 okuyabilirsiniz. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ortaakarsu.net\/?p=7148\">Remdesivir, Covid-19 i\u00e7in Umut Vadeden \u0130la\u00e7<\/a> adl\u0131 yaz\u0131da da di\u011fer bir umut vadeden ila\u00e7tan bahsedilmektedir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Potasyumun Permanganat Nedir? Potasyum permanganat \u00e7ok kuvvetli bir y\u00fckseltgendir. Bir  [&#8230;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6850,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[122],"tags":[116,149],"class_list":["post-6790","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-molekul","tag-inorganik-kimya","tag-potasyum-permanganat"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ortaakarsu.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6790","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ortaakarsu.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ortaakarsu.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ortaakarsu.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ortaakarsu.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6790"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.ortaakarsu.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6790\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7352,"href":"https:\/\/www.ortaakarsu.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6790\/revisions\/7352"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ortaakarsu.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/6850"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ortaakarsu.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6790"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ortaakarsu.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6790"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ortaakarsu.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6790"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}